How do I get a bond?

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If you or a loved one has recently been arrested, the first thing on your mind is getting out of jail.  Unfortunately, the process of bonding out is more complicated than expected.  So, what do you need to know to get out of jail as quickly as possible?

1)      Will I get a bond?  If so, when?

In Georgia, the rules are organized according to whether the arrest offense is a felony or a misdemeanor.  If it is a misdemeanor, then you are entitled to a bond by law.  If the charge is a felony, then it is in the judge’s discretion whether to grant bail.  There are certain serious offenses for which only a superior court judge can grant bail.  In that case, the superior court will be notified of your arrest within 48 hours.  The superior court is then required to set a bond hearing within 30 days after receiving the notice.  However, if you file a petition for a bond, then the hearing must be held within 10 days after receiving the petition.

2)      What does the court consider when determining whether to grant bond and when determining high the bond should be? 

Judges consider four factors when determining whether to grant bond, and when determining how much the bond should be: (1) Are you a risk to run away and not come back to court?; (2) Do you pose a threat or danger to people or property in the local community?; (3) Is it likely that you will commit a felony before your case is resolved?; and (4) Are you likely to intimidate witnesses against you?

3)      Once I get a bond, what are my options for covering the amount? 

Cash bond – This requires you to put up the entire bond amount in cash or by money order.  Most people cannot afford the entire amount, and that is where bondsmen come in.  As long as you are able to pay 13-15% of the bond, then a bondsman will put up the money for you and require that you pay a fee.

*The money that you pay to bond out will be refunded at the close of the case as long as it is not forfeited by your failure to appear in court.  The fee to the bonding company will not be refunded. 

Property bond – You may be able to put up real property (house or land) as a way to guarantee your appearance in court.  Generally, you must have enough equity in the home or property to cover the amount of the bond.  In some places, you have to have twice the amount of the bond in equity.  Most bondsmen will still help you bond out of jail, and they may accept more than just real property.  For example, some will allow you to put up the title to your car as a guarantee that you will return to court.  Remember, if you use property to bond out and you fail to appear in court, then you are at risk of losing that property!

If you or a loved one have recently been arrested and want help bonding out, do not hesitate to contact us at 404-581-0999. You can trust that our firm will do everything possible to get you or your loved one out of jail and to make the process as simple and painless as possible.

Do I Have A Criminal History?

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“I’ve been arrested.  Does that mean I have a criminal history?”

Many of our clients have two primary goals when they come in the office for a free consultation: 1) stay out of jail and 2) keep their record clean.    Often people are amazed to hear that even though they have not yet been convicted of anything, they STILL have a criminal history!  How could this be?

The short answer: in Georgia, your criminal history is tracked by your finger prints.  Your criminal history begins when the Officer placed you under arrest and took you to the jail.  Most jails in Georgia have an electronic fingerprinting system.  The jailer takes your fingerprints and those images are transmitted to the Georgia Crime Information Center (GCIC).  GCIC then creates a profile for each person who has been fingerprinted.  The profile includes your name, your height, weight, eye color, and any distinguishing marks that you may have.   Your profile will list what the police officer charged you with,  what the State’s attorney intends to charge you with in court, and ultimately the final result of your case.

If you are arrested for ANY crime in the State of Georgia and you are fingerprinted, then you have a GCIC profile.   There are several ways a case can be resolved in a way that would restrict your profile so that future employers cannot see that you were arrested.   Our goal in every case is to find a solution that not only keeps you out of jail, but also protects your criminal history.  Your future is our priority.

Please contact our office for a free consultation if you have been arrested and fingerprinted in the State of Georgia.

I Got Arrested for DUI, But They Never Read Me My Rights

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One of the most common DUI questions we get at W. Scott Smith, P.C. is: “Why didn’t the Officer have to read me my Miranda rights?”  What a great question!  Let me see if I can explain.

The Miranda warning stems from a famous United Supreme Court case, Miranda vs. the State of Arizona.   In that case, the Supreme Court of the United States said that IF you are placed into custody and then the Officer attempts to interrogate you, he/she has to warn you of a few rights.  We know these rights as the Miranda Rights and they go like this:

You have the right to remain silent.

Anything you say or do may be used against you in a court of law.

You have the right to consult with an attorney before speaking to the police and to have an attorney present during questioning now or in the future.

If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed for you before any questioning, if you wish.

If you decide to answer any questions now, without an attorney present, you will still have the right to stop answering at any time until you talk to an attorney.

Knowing and understanding your rights as I have explained them to you, are you willing to answer my questions without an attorney?

If the officer chooses not to read you the warning while you are in custody and still proceeds with questioning, then any statements you make may be suppressed by the court at a later date and ultimately result in your case being much stronger.

 

So Why Didn’t the Officer Read Those to Me When He Placed Me Under Arrest for DUI?

In most DUI cases, not all, the Officer is NOT required to read you the Miranda Warning.  Most Officers will wait to place a driver they suspect to be under the influence of alcohol or drugs under arrest (or in custody) to avoid having to read the Miranda Warning.  Which makes sense, right?  The Officer is trying to get you to answer questions about your consumption of alcohol and have you submit to testing that he/she plans to use against you at trial.  If he starts telling you that you have the right to have a “pesky” lawyer like me present, you’re probably not going to do anything.   In Georgia, our appellate courts have determined that when you are asked to exit the vehicle and perform field sobriety testing or answer questions about where you were or where you are going, you are NOT deemed to be in custody, and thus, not entitled to have the Miranda Warning read to you.

BUT, the question of whether or not you are in custody CAN be a sticky issue.  We encourage anyone who has been arrested for DUI in the State of Georgia to contact our office immediately for a FREE consultation (404-581-0999).   Our lawyers can use their knowledge and experience to determine whether or not the Miranda Warning should have been read in your case, which sometimes can mean the difference between your case being dismissed and a conviction for DUI.

DS-1205 / ALS: This Sheet of Paper is Nice, but I Want My License Back, Man!

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by Ryan Walsh

 

So you’ve received notice from the Office of State Administrative Hearings that your case has been assigned to a Judge and is scheduled for a hearing date. That’s great. What’s next? As mentioned in our blog on DS-1205 forms, the administrative license suspension hearing relates directly to your choice to submit to a chemical test of your blood, breath, or urine after being arrested for DUI and read Georgia’s Implied Consent Law.

 

Background

There are four potential outcomes after an officer requests a chemical test of your blood, breath, or urine:

  1.  The officer does not submit a petition to suspend your license. If this happens, you will receive a refund of your $150 administrative hearing fee after the time period for the officer’s submission expires.
  2. You refuse to give a sample of your blood, breath, or urine.
  3. You give a sample of your blood, breath, or urine and it’s under the legal limit. That legal limit is .08 for anyone 21 or older, and .02 if you are under 21.
  4. You give a sample of your blood, breath, or urine and it’s over the legal limits, .08 and .02 respectively.

The majority of Administrative License Suspension (ALS) hearings are focused on outcomes B and D, refusal or a breath test over the legal limit.

 

The first thing I want to know after I know whether it was a breath test or refusal case is whether you have prior DUI history. I need to know if you’ve had an administrative suspension for DUI in the past five (5) years, because if you have it’s going to impact our potential options. A second administrative suspension in five years triggers a three year suspension, 120 days of which are a hard suspension with no work permit involved. And a third administrative suspension in five years automatically triggers a 2 year suspension, no work permit. The work permit is only eligible if you are over 21 AND submit a sample for the state test. If you refuse to take the test, that suspension is a hard one year suspension that can only be overcome with a “win” in your case (dismissal, nolle prosequi, reduction of the charge of dui, or not guilty verdict). I need you to remember what happened in your prior case, and I’m going to need that information to best advise you on how to proceed.

 

After I understand your criminal history, I need to know your priorities. Is your #1 priority beating the DUI? Is it protecting your license? Sometimes these two priorities conflict, and an in-depth understanding of your priorities is again necessary to provide the best advice possible.

 

Hearing Day

So you’ve made it to hearing day. We’ve talked about your DUI history and your priorities. We’ve talked if you want to be present at the hearing. And we’ve talked about the ways this can play out. But in case we haven’t talked, this is what can happen on an ALS hearing date:

  1. Your attorney or the officer does not show up on time for the hearing. If your attorney does not show up, you are in default, and the license suspension is affirmed. Your license is suspended for one year. As your attorney, we do not miss administrative hearings. If you submitted a chemical test, you may be eligible for a work permit or reinstatement depending on your age and DUI history. If you refused a chemical test, your license is suspended for one year, no permits. If the officer does not show up, and has not filed a valid conflict, your suspension will be rescinded, and you will be eligible to have your license reprinted.
  2. Your officer does show up, and we have a chance to informally speak with them about you, about your case, about your unique circumstances. This is generally our first chance to speak with your arresting officer, and we can potentially save your license without having an administrative hearing. Again, a clear understanding of your priorities is important in determining the best course of action in the administrative phase.
  3. Finally, if we can’t work the case out with the officer, we will have the administrative hearing. An administrative hearing on a DUI arrest is a civil hearing that covers the following:
    1. Did the officer have reasonable suspicion to stop you?
    2. Did the officer have probable cause to arrest your for DUI?
    3. Did the officer read the appropriate Georgia Implied Consent notice in the correct way and in a timely manner?
    4. If you consented to a state administered chemical test, was that test administered properly?

That’s it. Just those four areas. After the hearing, the judge will issue their decision based on those four aspects of the DUI arrest.

 

We at the law offices or W. Scott Smith, P.C. are all well trained in the administrative hearing process. We’ve all experienced each and every possible outcomes of the administrative hearing, including the hearing victory. Contact us today at 404-581-0999 or visit http://www.peachstatelawyer.com if you’d like more information.

DS-1205: Where is my License, and What’s this Piece of Paper?

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If you are arrested in Georgia for DUI, you should immediately have two concerns; 1) you have criminal charges pending against you after you were cited with at least one ticket for DUI, which is a misdemeanor, and 2) a civil case relating to a potential suspension of your driver’s license.  The criminal charges pertain to the tickets that the officer wrote and will be handled through the normal criminal justice process.  The civil case pertains to your driver’s license and, as we will discuss in this blog post, time is of the essence.

DS-1205 Form

You may not know it, but if you have a Georgia driver’s license you have actually given consent to the State to obtain a chemical test of your blood, breath, or urine.   Any Officer in the State of Georgia, upon making an arrest for DUI, can request a chemical test to determine whether or not you are under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs.   That said, the State does allow a driver to withdraw that consent and “refuse” any chemical testing by the State. The process by which the Officer requests the test and the response you give the officer is crucial in determining the status of your license.  Normally, the Officer will seize your driver’s license and submit DDS 1205 form which is a petition to the Department of Driver Services (“DDS”) to suspend your driver’s license.    You have 10 business days from the date of your arrest to appeal any petitions submitted to DDS.  The Department will then place your case onto an Administrative License Suspension hearing calendar where you can contest the suspension of your license (SEE ALS HEARING BLOG POST).

Refusals vs. Breath Test Cases

The Officer will note on the DS-1205 petition whether or not you agreed to submit to chemical testing or if you refused to take the test the officer requested.  The length of the suspension and the type of license you may be eligible for are all dictated by whether or not you agreed to take the test.

If this is the first time you have been arrested for DUI alcohol, and you agree to take a the State administered test, and the results of that test are above a .08, then you may be eligible for a temporary work permit immediately after the license suspension goes into place.  The temporary work permit will allow you to travel to and from school/work.  Before the criminal case is resolved, DDS requires drivers eligible for a temporary work permit to go onto a temporary work permit for at least 30 days, complete the Georgia Risk Reduction Course (DUI School), and pay a reinstatement fee of $220 before reinstating the drivers full driving privileges.  On the other hand, if the driver refuses to take the test on a first lifetime DUI arrest, then DDS will issue a one year hard suspension, meaning no driving at all. All suspensions will run immediately if you do not submit an appeal within 10 business days of your arrest.

The 10-day Letter

On the back of your DDS 1205 form you will find the required process of appealing any petition submitted by the Officer to suspend your license.  Ultimately, DDS requires that you send a letter to DDS indicating that you wish to appeal any license suspension and wish to be placed onto an Administrative License Suspension hearing.   DDS also requires that you include a $150 filing fee with your letter.   It is good practice to send all 10-day letters by certified mail to insure that your request for an appeal is received by the department.  Also, it’s a good idea to send the letter even if the Officer did not seize your driver’s license.  The Officer does have some time to submit the petition at a later date or he/she may submit the petition and forget to take your license.  In those cases, it’s always best to play it safe and send a letter to DDS to make sure your license does not go into automatic suspension.

There are ways to avoid license suspensions, regardless of what your decision was at the time of your arrest.  We encourage anyone who has been arrested in Georgia for DUI to contact our office immediately (404-581-0999) for a FREE consultation.   W. Scott Smith, P.C. is dedicated to helping our client’s navigate through an often very difficult license suspension process.

VIDEO: Charged with Carrying a Firearm into Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport?

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EO70ooDXuEw&feature=youtu.be

Forgot you left your Glock 19 in your carryon bag?

This happens more often than you would imagine.

In 2012, Hartsfield-Jackson Airport in Atlanta had more guns seized at TSA checkpoints than any airport in the U.S. with 96.  Don’t leave your gun in your carry-on bag, because what results is being charged with Carrying a Weapon in an Unauthorized Area.  Your weapon will be seized and you will be arrested.

Once arrested, you will be fingerprinted and need to make bond.  If arrested at Hartsfield-Jackson Airport for Carrying a Weapon in an Unauthorized Area, your court case will be assigned to the Clayton County State Court Solicitor General’s Office for prosecution.  Bond will likely be $3,500.00.

Our firm has handled a number of these cases and every case to-date has been dismissed.  There are several proactive steps we can take in order to make sure the case gets dismissed; including a gun safety course and community service.  It should be noted there is also an administrative component to these cases where the Department of Homeland Security/TSA will move to fine you through the administrative courts.  If you find yourself having been charged and want to protect your record, CALL US immediately 24 hours a day, 7 days a week at 404-581-0999.

VIDEO: DUI Courthouse Procedure in Municipal Court of Atlanta

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Peachstate’s own W. Scott Smith discusses procedure in the Municipal Court of Atlanta for people arrested for DUI in the City of Atlanta.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8EYTmmB0KDc&feature=youtu.be

For those arrested for DUI in the city of Atlanta, you are generally pulled over by a city of Atlanta police officer or a Georgia Department of Public Safety state trooper. They will give you a citation to appear in court at 150 Garnett Street, Atlanta, GA 30303 generally within 72 hours of the time of arrest. The Municipal Court of Atlanta generally has between 800 and 1500 people on its calendar daily. The courtroom that handles DUI in the Municipal Court of Atlanta is Courtroom 5A and the Judge is Christopher E. Ward. He takes the bench promptly around 8:10 every morning. He handles all cases for citizens who have retained private counsel first before handling unrepresented persons or persons who have hired the public defender. No electronic devices are allowed in his courtroom and he requires everyone pay attention to all proceedings (no reading of books, newspapers, or magazines, either).

If you’ve been arrested, we can handle that first court appearance for you. If you hire our law firm we will file an entry of appearance on your behalf and show up at that first court date. We will also show up at all subsequent court dates on your behalf which will hopefully ease the burden of arrest. Don’t go into the City of Atlanta unrepresented. Call 404-581-0999 today for a FREE CONSULTATION. We will meet with you on the weekend if necessary to discuss your case and representing you in this pending DUI charge.

Misdemeanor Drug Possession – I can go to jail? Really?

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I smoke two joints in the morning.  I smoke two joints at night.  I smoke two joints in the afternoon, it makes me fell alright.  I smoke two joints in time of peace, and two in time of war.  I smoke two joints before I smoke two joints, and then I smoke two more.

“Smoke Two Joints” –The Toyes

 

I was gonna go to court before I got high.

“Because I Got High” -Afroman

 

If you’ve been charged with misdemeanor marijuana possession here is some important information you should know.

First, what is misdemeanor marijuana possession?  Pursuant to O.C.G.A. §16-13-2(b), possession of less than one ounce of marijuana is a misdemeanor punishable by up to 12 months imprisonment and/or a fine of up to $1,000.00.

Second, other than up to a year in jail and a $1,000 fine, what else can happen?  Pursuant to O.C.G.A. §40-5-75, the driver’s license of anyone convicted of possession of marijuana shall by operation of law be suspended.  Upon a first conviction within 5 years (as measured by arrest dates), there is a 180 day suspension.  A second conviction within five years, the period of suspension is three years.

I know.  You are saying to yourself, “I got caught with a joint and I’m looking at possible jail time, a fine, and a license suspension? I should move to Colorado!”

Before you pack your bags for the West Coast, there are a few things to remember about a misdemeanor marijuana charge.  In many counties, such as Fulton County, there are programs called Pre-Trial Intervention (PTI).  The PTI program is normally done on a case by case basis but could include: a program fee, class participation (such as a drug awareness class), or community service.  Upon successful completion of the PTI program, the case will be dismissed and you will be able to apply for record restriction pursuant to O.C.G.A. §35-5-37.  It’s like it never happened.  Also, by going through the PTI program, the license suspension never comes into play.

What happens if you weren’t offered PTI?  Conditional Discharge: Pursuant O.C.G.A. §16-13-2, if you have not previously been convicted of a drug possession charge, the court may withhold adjudication (refrain from making a decision) and place you on probation.  While on probation, you will likely have to complete a drug/alcohol evaluation and perform community service (note: this list is not exclusive and the probation can include “such reasonable terms and conditions as the court may require”).  Upon successful completion of the terms and conditions, “the court shall discharge the person and dismiss the proceedings.  Conditional Discharge may be used once.  As with PTI, by using Conditional Discharge, the license suspension never comes into play.

The important thing to remember with any pending criminal charge is to first contact an attorney.  The attorneys at W. Scott Smith, P.C. have handled thousands of misdemeanor drug cases and are able to help you get the best result possible.

If you’ve been charged with any kind of drug charge, call W. Scott Smith, P.C. today at 404-581-0999.

House Bill 407 Enacts Changes to Mandatory License Suspension Requirements for Second Conviction in Five Years

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The State of Georgia imposes a mandatory suspension of a driver’s license if a person is convicted of one of the following offenses:

O.C.G.A. §40-5-54

1)       Homicide by Vehicle as Defined in §40-6-393

2)       Any Felony in the Commission of Which a Motor Vehicle is Used

3)       Hit and Run or Leaving the Scene of an Accident in Violation of §40-6-270

4)       Racing on Highways and Streets

5)       Using a Motor Vehicle in Fleeing or Attempting to Elude an Officer

6)       Fraudulent of Fictitious Use of or Application for a License as Provided in §40-5-120 or §40-5-125

7)       Operating a Motor Vehicle with a Revoked, Canceled, or Suspended Registration in Violation of §40-6-15

8)       Any felony violation of Article 1 of Chapter 9 of Title 16 If such offense related to an identification document as defined in §16-9-4 (Manufacturing, Selling, or Distributing a Forged Identification Document)

O.C.G.A. §40-6-391 – Driving Under the Influence of

1)    Alcohol that it is Less Safe to Drive

2)    Drugs that it is Less Safe to Drive

3)    Glue, Aerosol, or Any Toxic Vapor that it is Less Safe to Drive

4)    Alcohol with an Alcohol Concentration of .08 Grams or More

House bill 407, which goes into effect on July 1, 2013 makes changes to the periods of suspension and the methods of returning licenses to drivers. It relates solely to a “second in five” which is a second conviction for arrests that occur within five years of each other. If a second conviction occurs for any offenses listed under §40-5-54, Georgia residents may apply for reinstatement of their license after a 120 day period. Georgia residents convicted under §40-5-54 must also finish an approved Defensive Driving or DUI Alcohol or Drug Risk Reduction program and pay a license restoration fee which ranges from $200-510.

If a second conviction occurs under §40-6-391, Georgia residents must wait a minimum of eighteen (18) months before applying for reinstatement of their licenses. Georgia Residents whose license is suspended for a “second in five” under §40-6-391 must do all of the above including payment of the fine and completion a DUI Alcohol or Drug Risk Reduction program. On top of those requirements they must apply for an ignition interlock device limited driving permit (O.C.G.A. §40-5-64) and provide proof of installation and maintenance of an ignition interlock device for a period of one year.

However, if the Georgia resident who was convicted under §40-6-391 is a member of drug court program or is enrolled in clinical treatment they may apply for an ignition interlock device limited driving permit after 120 days without completing a DUI Alcohol or Drug Risk Reduction program. If for any reason the Georgia resident is granted a waiver from an ignition interlock device, they must wait at least one year from date of suspension before becoming eligible for a limited driving permit.

If for any reason, the court orders installation of an ignition interlock device as a contingency of a resident’s probation, the resident can only drive vehicles that contain the ignition interlock device. They must complete the entire one year ignition interlock period and participate in a substance abuse program.

Finally, if a Georgia resident is a habitual violator of §40-6-391 and has had their license revoked but the court grants eligibility for an ignition interlock device, the Georgia resident must wait two years from the date of conviction for which the eligibility was granted. The following conditions are required before a probationary license is granted in this circumstance: 1) the resident must complete a DUI Alcohol or Drug Risk Reduction Program, 2) the resident has completed a clinical evaluation, 3) the resident has installed an ignition interlock device in any vehicle they are driving, and 4) a ceritifcate of elgigibility for an ignition interlock device is presented by the court. After the one year period, this habitual violator may apply for a renewal of their probationary license without an ignition interlock device.

Any driver operating with an ignition interlock device as required by the court or Department of Driver Services who receives an unsatisfactory report during the ignition interlock period can have their permit revoked by Department of Driver Services. The habitual violator can request a hearing with a payment of $250 regarding the failure to report any ignition interlock issues.

House Bill 407 makes pretty broad changes to the way Georgia residents convicted of a “second in five” can get limited driving privileges and ultimately request reinstatement of their license. It is imperative you understand your right in driving by speaking with a criminal lawyer.

Court of Appeals Victory-Trafficking of Cocaine

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On November 26, 2012, attorney Daniel Farnsworth received a final decision on a pending appeal.

The case originated in Henry County.  Client was stopped for allegedly following too closely behind the vehicle in front of her.  After a brief encounter, the officer stated he was going to issue a warning citation and finished writing the citation approximately 5 minutes into the encounter.  The officer then impermissibly extended the scope of the traffic stop by fishing for other alleged criminal activity.  The officer based his “hunch” of other criminal activity based upon nervousness of the client.  The officer was repeatedly denied permission to search the client’s vehicle (SMART MOVE! NEVER GIVE PERMISSION TO SEARCH).  More than 12 minutes into the traffic stop, the officer walked his K9 unit around the vehicle.  The K9 unit “indicated” on the vehicle which was then search.  During the search the officer uncovered over 28 grams of cocaine in the vehicle.

The trial court denied client’s motion to suppress but gave the client a certificate of immediate review.  Client next asked the Georgia Court of Appeals to grant an application for interlocutory review since the case was still pending in Superior Court.  The Court of Appeals granted the application and agreed to look at the case while the case was still on-going.  Normally, the Court of Appeals reviews a case when the case is completed.  Seizing on this rare opportunity, the client’s appeal was filed on March 27, 2012.

Mr. Farnsworth received the final decision from the court and immediately went to the end of the opinion…”Accordingly, because the officer illegally detained [client], the order of the trial court is reversed and the case is remanded with direction to grant [client’s] motion to suppress.”

VICTORY!!!  Case dismissed.

Weems v. State

A12A1353, Georgia Court of Appeals